<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<issue>
  <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
  <volume>4</volume>
  <number>2</number>
  <year>2023</year>
  <date>2023-12-28</date>
  <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/issue/volume-4-issue-2</url>
  <journal>
    <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
    <issn>2671-3535</issn>
    <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
    <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
    <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
  </journal>
  <articles>
    <article>
      <title>OTHERNESS IN THE LADY OF THE HOUSE OF LOVE</title>
      <slug>otherness-in-the-lady-of-the-house-of-love</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>In her deconstruction and reconstruction of some of the most famous fairytales, Angela Carter not only challenges some of the most enduring concepts and binary oppositions, but she also introduces novel ways of looking at and thinking about cultural phenomena deeply rooted in the Western Culture, in a critique of Western patriarchal society. One of these is the concept of the Other, which she masterfully treats in one of the short stories from The Bloody Chamber collection and that is The Lady of the House of Love. In it, she subverts our notions of who the Other is, how that Other became seen as such and what actually makes them the Other. Late 19th century ideas on Otherness, including those set by our treatment and perception of those who are culturally different from us, influence this representation heavily. Not only culturally, but Angela Carter touches upon ideas of the Other from a philosophical and psychological standpoint as well, and this essay will present these ideas through examples from the story.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>Angela Carter, Otherness, the Other, vampire, The Bloody Chamber</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/otherness-in-the-lady-of-the-house-of-love</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>7-14</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Ana</first_name>
          <last_name>Kechan</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>FEMINIST SOCIAL SCIENCE LITERATURE: THE QUESTIONS OF FEMINISTEPISTEMOLOGY AND OBJECTIVE KNOWLEDGE</title>
      <slug>feminist-social-science-literature-the-questions-of-feministepistemology-and-objective-knowledge</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>This paper aims at exploring feminist social science literature and the issues revolving around the standpoint theory, and situated knowledge. Standpoint theory holds significant importance in feminist scholarship as it challenges traditional mainly men’s perspectives, by emphasizing the influence of social position and identity on one's understanding of the world. Developed within feminist scholarship, standpoint theory argues that individuals situated in marginalized or oppressed positions (this being often women across cultures) possess unique insights into societal structures and power dynamics. While addressing some of the major debates in the area, the focus of this paper is to look critically at the plausibility of the feminist epistemology and the problem of objectivity, brought from the debates in standpoint theory. Objective knowledge also presupposed a unified concept of a woman or some kind of female experience, which has been questioned by the more constructivist scholars like Haraway (1991). The aim of the paper is to tackle some of the implications arising out of science, realism, objectivism, and relativism filtered through the prism of feminist social science literary production. While it appears that the endeavour for objectivity in knowledge is a necessary basis for rendering a feminist political undertaking meaningful, a careful analysis of some of the scholarly works on objectivity may prove somewhat dangerous to feminism in general as it might deconstruct the concept of a woman and female experience all together. Agreeing that the efforts and contributions of feminists in the area of epistemology are crucial in challenging traditional epistemological frameworks that have often marginalized or ignored the perspectives and experiences of women, this paper aims to critically reassess the attempts for preserving or building new doctrines of objectivity, and the potential consequences of such attempts for feminism itself.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>feminist epistemology, objectivity, social science, standpoint theory, situated knowledge</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/feminist-social-science-literature-the-questions-of-feministepistemology-and-objective-knowledge</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>15-21</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <pdf>https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/830/83-pdf.pdf</pdf>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Maja</first_name>
          <last_name>Muhić</last_name>
          <affiliation>South East European University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>USING NEW WEB-BASED CORPUS TOOLS IN L2 WRITING: PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES WITH NETSPEAK</title>
      <slug>using-new-web-based-corpus-tools-in-l2-writing-pre-service-teachers-perceptions-and-experiences-with-netspeak</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>It has been decades since corpora and corpus interfaces have emerged and become accessible to various<br>users. As computers have been advancing in terms of speed and quality, so have corpus software providing<br>faster and more advanced language investigations for language teachers and learners. In addition, corpus<br>interface developers have constantly aimed to make language investigation easier and the queries more<br>user-friendly to the user. In the recent times, some new web-corpus tools have emerged that specifically<br>have teachers and students in mind. These include, for instance, SKELL, Netspeak, Just-the-word, among<br>others. While there has been extensive research in the use of standard corpora and corpus interfaces, there<br>has been little research in the use of these new web-based corpus tools in classroom settings. This paper<br>reports on a small-scale study on the use of Netspeak in L2 writing and error correction conducted with a<br>group of pre-service English language teachers. The results indicate that the participants have positive<br>perceptions of the online corpus tool when used as a reference tool to improve writing. The paper also<br>reports on some limitations identified throughout the study.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>Netspeak, web-based corpus tool, pre-service English teachers, L2 writing, error correction</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/using-new-web-based-corpus-tools-in-l2-writing-pre-service-teachers-perceptions-and-experiences-with-netspeak</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>22-29</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Emin</first_name>
          <last_name>Idrizi</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>COMMUNICATION IN THE POST-METHOD ERA AND THE GENZ THEORY</title>
      <slug>communication-in-the-post-method-era-and-the-genz-theory</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>The post-method era for English teachers developed as a necessity of the time, as a contra-indicator to the “one-size-fits-all” theory. Consequently, this era is seen as the opposite of the approach and method and requires different parameters in the whole language learning process. Under such circumstances, flexibility and practicality are key issues. This new era would therefore develop new theories of teaching, or a combination of approaches and methods, which would resolve the issues of incompetent language users and linguistic performance i.e. all that the audio-lingual method, for example, failed toaccomplish through drills and repetition. What was actually missing the whole time was the practical usage of the language, in different situations and contexts, outside of the classroom (and a combination of different approaches and methods). Having surrpassed the issue of communicative ability, competence and performance, however, the new era brought with it an even greater challenge: that of communication according to Gen Z and the different varieties that were taught by teachers all over the world. Namely, not only is the English variety an issue- it now includes slang and social media English i.e. a whole new language, which is discovered and used by Gen Z. This paper aims at presenting different factors, different settings and examples which provide evidence that communication nowadys and teaching English is a huge challenge for teachers. A small-case survey with learners of Gen Z is conducted, at two stages and with two different groups, with the aim of comparing not only learner knowledge, but also, the degree to which the words are still present, used and comprehended by them. Namely, the case study ran for two semesters, with different groups of learners, but on the same course. Different words were presented and students were asked to define them and use them in context. Results and the discussion of the findings reveal what is actually the status of learners of English in North Macedonia, the impact of globalization through social media, and a language that is known for the learners more than the actual, formal English that is taught in schools and institutions. The case as soexamines a different challenge, that of slang communication as a new trend in the post-communicative era, with current examples and general knowledge of the issue. The results provide evidence for teachers who have been teaching English their whole lives and who, of course, do not belong to the Gen Z category. Accordingly, effective communication strategies are in conflict with that of what is regarded as trend. The gap of knowledge is greater than one can even imagine.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>post-method, communication, social media, slang, ELT methodology</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/communication-in-the-post-method-era-and-the-genz-theory</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>30-35</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Igballe</first_name>
          <last_name>Miftari-Fetishi</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>AI TECHNOLOGIES AND LEARNING: TERTIARY LEVEL STUDENTS’ AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS OF AI: TO WHAT EXTENT ARE STUDENTS AWARE OF THE OPPORTUNITIES OF AI FOR LEARNING?</title>
      <slug>ai-technologies-and-learning-tertiary-level-students-awareness-and-perceptions-of-ai-to-what-extent-are-students-aware-of-the-opportunities-of-ai-for-learning</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>This paper examines the topic of the use of AI technologies for the purpose of learning. It presents the findings of a survey conducted on a sample of 95 university students, and aims to give answers to the following research questions: 1) To what extent are tertiary level students aware of the opportunities of AI technologies for learning?; and 2) How do they perceive the use of AI technologies as a means in the process of learning and to which purposes do they serve? Results have shown that the majority of the students are familiar and aware of different AI tools which can be used for learning in the education process. However, when it comes to how they perceive these technologies for the purpose of learning, results are rather unfavorable. Namely, most of the students believe that the use of AI tools is acceptable because it saves time and helps in preparing more creative assignments. In addition, some of them have the perception that AI tools are useful because they can help them to complete assignments with less effort, regardless of the fact that it may not lead to real quality learning and can cause difficulties in terms of academic dishonesty. In this regard, it can be argued that the higher education institutions should observe this issue more carefully and emphasize the need to influence students, for the purpose of helping and guiding them in understanding the real benefits of the use of AI tools in the process of learning and education in general.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>AI technologies, AI tools, learning, academic dishonesty</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/ai-technologies-and-learning-tertiary-level-students-awareness-and-perceptions-of-ai-to-what-extent-are-students-aware-of-the-opportunities-of-ai-for-learning</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>36-45</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Katerina</first_name>
          <last_name>Mitevska-Petrusheva</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
        <author>
          <first_name>Emin</first_name>
          <last_name>Idrizi</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY: CRITICAL AND CAUTIONARY OBSERVATIONS</title>
      <slug>digital-technology-critical-and-cautionary-observations</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>This article critically discusses the influence of digital technologies on the human mind. It traces the<br>complex relationship humans have with technology, both in historical and modern terms. With the<br>invention of the digital code particularly, humans have created a technology that operates at the level of<br>the mind, rather than at the level of the body, with enormous potential to fundamentally change our<br>cognitive faculties. The article further investigates the health implications of the combined use of digital<br>media and electronic devices, as well as their impact on learning and academic achievement. It attempts to<br>dispel the myth of differences between so-called “digital natives” and “digital immigrants” and concludes<br>by advocating for a more cautious and knowledgeable approach to the incorporation of digital<br>technologies in our everyday lives and educational processes.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>digital technology, human cognition, digital natives, attention economy, health effects, learning and academic success</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/digital-technology-critical-and-cautionary-observations</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>47-56</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Atanas</first_name>
          <last_name>Kirjakovski</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>MINDFULNESS, SUBJECTIVE WELL – BEING ANDTHERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS BASED ON MINDFULNESS: FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE</title>
      <slug>mindfulness-subjective-well-being-andtherapeutic-interventions-based-on-mindfulness-from-a-theoretical-perspective</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>There is an increasing recognition of the importance of subjective well – being;heightened awareness of one's own emotional experiences, mindfulness; and the pursuit of internal harmony. Integrating mindfulness and subjective well-being therapeutic interventions has become particularly relevant today. The main aim is to theoretically explore, describe and comprehend the concepts of mindfulness and subjective well-being, as well as the therapeutic interventions based on mindfulness.This exploration involves distinguishing mindfulness from other overlapping psychological concepts, and clarifying the significance and consequencesof the absence of mindfulness. Furthermore, we emphasize the multidimensional nature of the subjective well – being and its profound impact when combined with mindfulness practices.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>Mindfulness, Subjective well – being, Therapeutical interventions based on mindfulness</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/mindfulness-subjective-well-being-andtherapeutic-interventions-based-on-mindfulness-from-a-theoretical-perspective</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>57-62</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Andrea</first_name>
          <last_name>Velinova</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>BURNOUT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN NORTH MACEDONIA: DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES</title>
      <slug>burnout-among-university-students-in-north-macedonia-demographic-differences</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>The aim of the study is to understand the relationship between school burnout and its outcomes to demographic differences. The research was conducted among university students in North Macedonia. 68 students between 18-30 years participated in the study in which47.1% of them were male participants and 52.9% of them were female participants. School Burnout Inventory (SBI) was used for the survey. Participants also were required to answer demographic questions such as: gender, academic achievement, branch of science, and other questions. The first conclusion of the study was that there is no gender difference in burnout level. Another finding supported that Health Science students differ from the other students’ burnout level. Lastly, study concluded that there is a significant difference between burnout and academic achievement in which students with lower academic achievement experience higher burnout.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>burnout, gender, branch of science, academic achievement</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/burnout-among-university-students-in-north-macedonia-demographic-differences</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>63-69</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Hatidje</first_name>
          <last_name>Muchi-Ameti</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University – Skopje</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
        <author>
          <first_name>Munever</first_name>
          <last_name>Kerim</last_name>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ITERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION STYLE</title>
      <slug>the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-iterpersonal-communication-style</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>Communication is an integral part of life, without it, we would not survive.During the pandemic,<br>interpersonal communication was strongly affected because from an active life and face-to-face meetings<br>we returned to a new normality, digital-online communication. On the other hand, new words were born,<br>otherwise neologisms.between us, only time will tell.<br>A new era was born, the era of the work-from-home world. The use of new communication channels also<br>changes interpersonal relationships. Discussions and meetings took place in virtual form. Interpersonal<br>communication in our lives can bring unique benefits, while digital communication is not the same, but in<br>that period we had no other option.<br>What was noticed the most during the pandemic period was the lack of direct communication and physical<br>contact between people. This was as stressful as it was disturbing since the right of “living word” was<br>limited and replaced with technology where direct communication lost its essence and faded even the usual<br>expressions, replacing them with completely new words related to the situation and vocabulary until before<br>unknown and unfmilar.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>interpersonal communication, distance, corona virus</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-iterpersonal-communication-style</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>70-75</pages>
      <language>en</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <pdf>https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/823/90-pdf.pdf</pdf>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Donika</first_name>
          <last_name>Bakiu</last_name>
          <affiliation>Vision Academy</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
        <author>
          <first_name>Fatime</first_name>
          <last_name>Ziberi</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>AN ORİENTALİST PERSPECTİVE ON THE NOVEL CALLED FELÂTUN BEY AND RÂKIM EFENDİ</title>
      <slug>an-orientalist-perspective-on-the-novel-called-fel-tun-bey-and-r-kim-efendi</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>The novel Fel&#226;tun Bey ile R&#226;kım Efendi, written by Ahmet Mithat Efendi was published in 1985. It is<br>among the remarkable works adapted to the novel by taking the subject of the ‘‘dandy’’ type in Turkish<br>Literature of the Tanzimat Era. The dandy that the ‘‘Westernization’’ effort of the Ottoman period presented<br>to our social life; Despite conscious Westernization, it is representative of people who degenerately desire<br>Westernization. The data on the domain of the degenerate culture in question not only show that the<br>Ottoman Empire could not be aligned with the traditional Eastern structure, but also reveal that it stood in<br>this structure as a trust. In this work, Ahmet Mithat Efendi wants to draw attention to Fel&#226;tun Bey, who<br>cannot grasp the essence of Western civilization and only tries to apply it formally. He puts, R&#226;kım Efendi,<br>who has the opposite character of Fel&#226;tun Bey, against his character. These two contrasting features are<br>examples of the ‘‘Romanticism’’ movement. It is a movement that emerged to react to classicism. Contrary<br>to the principle of foresight and reason put forward by the Classicism movement, Romanticism turned all<br>the theories of classical teaching into the foreground by emphasizing the feeling and imagination. The<br>character of Fel&#226;tun Bey; He is a pretentious, snobby type who tries to live according to the customs and<br>lifestyles of the Western Franks. Due to its bad aspects, it is also in a bad situation towards the environment.<br>With the death of his father, he squandered the inheritance left to him. Another character of the novel,<br>R&#226;kım Efendi, in a way reflects Ahmet Mithat Efendi’s own identity. It is the portrait of an Ottoman<br>gentleman, who is determined, gentle, respectful and always improving himself, idealized by the author and<br>adapted into his novel.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>Turkish Literature, Tanzimat Era, Romanticism, Westemization, Westem Franks, East</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/an-orientalist-perspective-on-the-novel-called-fel-tun-bey-and-r-kim-efendi</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>77-87</pages>
      <language>tr</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <title_alt>FELÂTUN BEY İLE RÂKIM EFENDİ ADLI ROMANA ORYANTALİST BİRBAKIŞ AÇISI</title_alt>
      <content_alt><![CDATA[<p>Ahmet Mithat Efendi’nin kaleme aldığı, Fel&#226;tun Bey ile Rakım Efendi romanı, 1985 yılında yayımlanmıştır.<br>Tanzimat devri T&#252;rk Edebiyatı’nda “z&#252;ppe” tipini konu alarak, romana uyarlanmış dikkat &#231;ekici eserler<br>arasındadır. Osmanlı d&#246;neminin “Batılılaşma” gayretinin sosyal yaşantımıza sunmuş olduğu z&#252;ppe; bilin&#231;li<br>Batılılaşmaya karşın, dejenere olarak Batılılaşmayı arzulayan insanların temsilcisi niteliğindedir. S&#246;z<br>konusu bu k&#252;lt&#252;r&#252;n etki alanına dair veriler, Osmanlının geleneksel Doğu yapısıyla uyumlanamadığını<br>g&#246;stermekle beraber, bu yapıda emanet s&#251;retiyle durduğunu da g&#246;zler &#246;n&#252;ne sermektedir. Ahmet Mithat<br>Efendi bu eserinde Batı medeniyetini &#246;z&#252;yle kavrayamayıp, sadece şeklen uygulama gayretinde olan<br>Fel&#226;tun Bey’e dikkat &#231;ekmek istemektedir. Fel&#226;tun Bey karakterinin karşısına onun zıttı bir karaktere sahip<br>R&#226;kım Efendi’yi koyar. Bu iki zıt &#246;zellik, &quot;Romantizm&quot; akımına &#246;rnektir. Kl&#226;sisizm’e tepki amacıyla ortaya<br>&#231;ıkmış bir akımdır. Kl&#226;sisizm akımının ortaya koyduğu feraset ve us ilkesinin aksine Romantizm, hissiyatı<br>ve imgelemeyi &#246;n plana &#231;ıkarak kl&#226;sik &#246;ğretinin t&#252;m kuramlarını alt &#252;st etmiştir. Fel&#226;tun Bey karakteri;<br>Batılı Frenkler’deki t&#246;re ve yaşam şekillerine g&#246;re yaşamaya &#231;alışan, &#246;zentili, z&#252;ppe bir tiptir. K&#246;t&#252; yanları<br>nedeniyle &#231;evreye karşı da k&#246;t&#252; duruma d&#252;şmektedir. Babasının &#246;l&#252;m&#252;yle kendisine kalan mirası pervasızca<br>t&#252;ketmiştir. Romanın bir diğer karakteri olan R&#226;kım Efendi ise bir nevi, Ahmet Mithat Efendi’nin kendi<br>kimliğini yansıtmaktadır. Azimli, efendi, saygılı ve kendisini daima geliştirmekte olan, yazarın idealize<br>ederek romanına uyarladığı, adet&#226; bir Osmanlı beyefendisinin portresidir.</p>]]></content_alt>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Yeşim</first_name>
          <last_name>Özden</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>MECMUA OF NAAT PROSE RISALE REVIEW</title>
      <slug>mecmua-of-naat-prose-risale-review</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>The &quot;mecmua&quot; that is the subject of our study is a poetry mecmua in the naat genre, written in the first<br>quarter of the 18th century.Mecmuas, a popular genre in Ottoman Turkish literature, especially after the<br>16th century, are handwritten notebooks consisting of religious or non-religious works in verse or prose<br>collected by a compiler. In Turkish folk literature, it is called c&#246;nk. In Turkish literature, religious texts are<br>about religious-mystical subjects, especially God, prophets and religious elders; tevhid, m&#252;nacat, naat,<br>hilye, mevlid etc. It is written in common types. There are mecmuas divided into a single type: such as<br>naat’s mecmua.The poetry mecmua that is the subject of our study is dedicated to Muhammed. It is a poetic<br>collection of naats consisting of naat, miraciye, hilye, and m&#252;nacat. In this study, the three-leaf prose section<br>at the end of our poetry mecmua is introduced. The prose part that is the subject of our study is a treatise<br>that we can call medium prose. This section, in which Muhammed’s miracles that occurred due to his<br>physical characteristics and physical limbs are explained, has been transcribed, translated, and analyzed.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>Mecmua, Naat, Mu’cizât</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/mecmua-of-naat-prose-risale-review</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>88-105</pages>
      <language>tr</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <title_alt>NAAT MECMUASI1 MENSUR RİSALE İNCELEMESİ</title_alt>
      <content_alt><![CDATA[<p>&#199;alışmamıza konu olan “mecmua” 18. y&#252;zyılın ilk &#231;eyreğinde kaleme alınmış naat t&#252;r&#252;nde bir şiir<br>mecmuasıdır. Osmanlı d&#246;nemi T&#252;rk edebiyatında &#246;zellikle 16. y&#252;zyıldan sonra pop&#252;ler bir t&#252;r olan<br>mecmualar, bir derleyici tarafından toplanan, dini ya da din dışı manzum veya mensur eserlerden oluşan el<br>yazması defterlerdir. T&#252;rk halk edebiyatında c&#246;nk adıyla karşılanır. T&#252;rk edebiyatında ‘dini metinler’ Allah,<br>peygamber ve din b&#252;y&#252;kleri başta olmak &#252;zere dini-tasavvufi konularda; tevhid, m&#252;nacat, naat, ilahi, mevlid<br>gibi benzeri yaygın t&#252;rlerle yazılır. Mecmuaların tek t&#252;re ayrılmış olanları vardır: naat mecmuaları gibi.<br>&#199;alışmamıza konu olan şiir mecmuası Hazreti Muhammed’e ithaf edilmiş; naat, miraciye, hilye ve<br>m&#252;nacatlardan m&#252;teşekkil manzum bir naat mecmuasıdır. Bu &#231;alışmada şiir mecmuamızın en sonunda<br>bulunan &#252;&#231; varaklık mensur kısım tanıtılmıştır. &#199;alışmamıza konu olan mensur kısım ‘orta nesir’ şeklinde<br>diyebileceğimiz bir risaledir. Hz. Muhammed’in ‘fiziki &#246;zellikleri ve fiziki uzuvları sebebiyle meydana<br>gelen mucizelerinin anlatıldığı bu b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;n transkripsiyonlu &#231;evirisi ve incelemesi yapılmıştır.</p>]]></content_alt>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Emine</first_name>
          <last_name>Öte</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
    <article>
      <title>LANGUAGE AND STYLE IN THE POEMS OF THE BALKAN POET ILHAMI EMIN</title>
      <slug>language-and-style-in-the-poems-of-the-balkan-poet-ilhami-emin</slug>
      <parent>
        <title>Volume 4, Issue 2</title>
      </parent>
      <post_type>
        <title>Research Article</title>
      </post_type>
      <year>2023</year>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <content><![CDATA[<p>Macedonia, which is one of the most important and central regions in Ottoman Rumelia and one of the<br>ancient regions of the Balkan geography, is one of the countries that has been active in Turkish literature<br>from past to present. İlhami Emin, one of the most important names of contemporary Balkan Turkish<br>literature, was also raised in these lands. He is a versatile literary figure who was born in 1931 in the town<br>of Radoviş in Eastern Macedonia, lived in the Rumelian geography, and contributed great works to Turkish.<br>His life is also the story of the Balkan Turks from the post-Ottoman period to today. Rumelia&#39;s vibrant<br>political structure, which emerged in the second quarter of the 20th century, greatly affected İlhami Emin&#39;s<br>educational life; Serbian and Bulgarian respectively in the schools he attended; Later, after the Bulgarians<br>withdrew from Macedonia, he learned Macedonian and Russian as a foreign language. Before the end of his<br>childhood, he learned four foreign languages besides Turkish. This difficult educational life that he went<br>through must most likely have supported İlhami Emin&#39;s artistic background. While Russian enabled the poet<br>to read Russian classics in their original language, it also provided him with the opportunity to research<br>literary products of other languages. He improved his Turkish by taking Turkish lessons from Ferid Bayram,<br>who served in Turkish schools during the Ottoman period, and by listening to Turkish radio. The problems<br>that İlhami Emin experienced in learning Turkish did not prevent him from becoming fluent in Turkish over<br>time. In this study, it is aimed to reveal how the Turkish literature kept alive in the Balkan geography is<br>embodied in the poems of a poet, in the niversitesicontext of the understanding of language and style that<br>the poet acquired with such difficulty. In this study, a qualitative research method based on an interpretive<br>approach was used by examining documents. The principle of induction was adopted in the study based on<br>İlhami Emin&#39;s life story and works.</p>]]></content>
      <references />
      <keywords>İlhami Emin, Macedonia, Melami, Poetry, Language and Style</keywords>
      <date>2023-12-28</date>
      <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/language-and-style-in-the-poems-of-the-balkan-poet-ilhami-emin</url>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <pages>106-113</pages>
      <language>tr</language>
      <license>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</license>
      <license_url>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</license_url>
      <pdf>https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/820/93-pdf.pdf</pdf>
      <title_alt>BİR BALKAN ŞAİRİ İLHAMİ EMİN’İN ŞİİRLERİNDE DİL VE ÜSLUP</title_alt>
      <content_alt><![CDATA[<p>Hem Osmanlı Rumeli’sinde olduk&#231;a &#246;nemli ve merkez&#238; b&#246;lgelerden hem de Balkan coğrafyasının kadim<br>b&#246;lgelerinden biri olan Makedonya, ge&#231;mişten bug&#252;ne T&#252;rk edebiyatında etkin olan &#252;lkelerden biridir.<br>&#199;ağdaş Balkan T&#252;rk edebiyatının en &#246;nemli isimlerinden biri olan İlhami Emin de bu topraklarda<br>yetişmiştir. Doğu Makedonya’nın Radoviş kasabasında 1931 yılında d&#252;nyaya gelmiş, Rumeli coğrafyasında<br>yaşamış, T&#252;rk&#231;eye b&#252;y&#252;k eserler kazandırmış &#231;ok y&#246;nl&#252; edebi bir şahsiyettir. Onun hayatı aynı zamanda,<br>Osmanlı sonrasından bug&#252;ne uzanan Balkan T&#252;rklerinin hik&#226;yesidir. Rumeli’nin 20. y&#252;zyılın ikinci<br>&#231;eyreğinde oluşan hareketli siyasal yapısı İlhami Emin’in eğitim hayatını olduk&#231;a etkilemiş; gittiği<br>okullarda sırasıyla Sırp&#231;a, Bulgarca; daha sonra da Bulgarların Makedonya’dan &#231;ekilmesiyle birlikte<br>Makedonca ve yabancı dil olarak da Rus&#231;a da &#246;ğrenmiştir. Hen&#252;z &#231;ocukluk d&#246;nemi sona ermeden<br>T&#252;rk&#231;enin dışında d&#246;rt yabancı dil birden &#246;ğrenmiştir. Ge&#231;irmiş olduğu bu zorlu eğitim hayatı, b&#252;y&#252;k bir<br>olasılıkla İlhami Emin’in sanatsal altyapısını desteklemiş olmalıdır. Rus&#231;a, şairin Rus klasiklerini &#246;zg&#252;n<br>dilinde okumasını sağlarken diğer dillerin edebi &#252;r&#252;nlerini araştırabilmesi i&#231;in imk&#226;n sağlamıştır. T&#252;rk&#231;esini<br>Osmanlı zamanında T&#252;rk okullarında g&#246;rev yapmış olan Ferid Bayram’dan T&#252;rk&#231;e dersleri alarak ve T&#252;rk<br>radyosunu dinleyerek geliştirmiştir. İlhami Emin’in T&#252;rk&#231;eyi &#246;ğrenmede yaşamış olduğu sorunlar onun<br>zamanla akıcı bir T&#252;rk&#231;eye sahip olmasına engel olmamıştır. Bu &#231;alışmada şairin bunca g&#252;&#231;l&#252;kle elde ettiği<br>dil ve &#252;slup anlayışı bağlamında, balkan coğrafyasında yaşatılan T&#252;rk edebiyatının, bir şairin şiirlerinde<br>nasıl somutlaştığını g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;ne sermek ama&#231;lanmıştır. Bu &#231;alışmada dok&#252;man inceleme yapılarak,<br>yorumlayıcı yaklaşıma dayanan nitel araştırma y&#246;ntemi kullanılmıştır. İlhami Emin’in yaşam &#246;yk&#252;s&#252; ve<br>eserlerinden yola &#231;ıkılan &#231;alışmada t&#252;mevarım ilkesi benimsenmiştir.</p>]]></content_alt>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <first_name>Abdurrahman</first_name>
          <last_name>Toprak</last_name>
          <affiliation>International Balkan University</affiliation>
          <corresponding>true</corresponding>
        </author>
      </authors>
      <journal>
        <title>International Journal of Education and Philology</title>
        <issn>2671-3535</issn>
        <eissn>2671-3543</eissn>
        <publisher>Balkan University Press</publisher>
        <url>https://ijep.ibupress.com</url>
      </journal>
    </article>
  </articles>
</issue>