3 1 2022 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/issue/volume-3-issue-1 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

kosovar-efl-teachers-perceptions-towards-teaching-pronunciation-students-problems-and-strategies-to-overcome-them 2022 3 This study examines the Kosovar EFL teachers' perceptions of pronunciation teaching, challenges faced
by students according to the teachers, and the strategies these teachers use to overcome these challenges.
To answer the study's proposed research questions, a questionnaire was used, and for the validity of the
data, 121 participants were recruited randomly from all over Kosovo. Research questions are: 1. What
are the Kosovar EFL teachers' perceptions of teaching English pronunciation? 2.According to Kosovar
EFL teachers, which segmental and suprasegmental features are identified as challenging for Kosovar
students while learning English pronunciation? and 3. Which strategies do Kosovar EFL teachers think
are effective in helping their students overcome these challenges?
The results showed that Kosovar EFL teachers have positive perceptions regarding pronunciation
teaching. Moreover, they have identified that Kosovar students have some challenges with segmental
and suprasegmental aspects of pronunciation. To overcome these challenges, Kosovar EFL teachers
claim to use various strategies.

]]> pronunciation teaching, teachers’ perceptions, problems, strategies etc 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/kosovar-efl-teachers-perceptions-towards-teaching-pronunciation-students-problems-and-strategies-to-overcome-them 1 13-26 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Valmire Ymeri City College International Faculty of the University of Sheffield true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

innovative-vocabulary-phrase-teaching-methods-in-efl-and-esp-classes-using-video-based-lesson-plans 2022 3 Integrating technology in the classroom has become one of the most discussed issues in teaching environments and these days it is inevitable to do so in every level of education, especially in language teaching. In the viewpoint of English instructors, the aim of this paper is to study the effects of video use as an audio and visual material in order to offer and create successful language classes, which will have an impact on students' motivation and participation in English courses at the university level. The development of novel integrated courses that enable students to improve their subject knowledge and master the capacity to use that information on an international level is the major goal of modern language education. This paper first attempts to analyze the goals of integrating video formed lesson plans in EFL classrooms and the advantages of using video formed lesson plans in EFL teaching, on the basis of which are put forward the frameworks of teaching principles, strategies and specific guidelines which facilitate EFL teaching. This will bring combined theories and practice related to the use of audio-visual instruments in language learning, especially in university-level ESP courses, as well as why short videos can be considered effective pedagogical tools that aid the teaching process. The research includes surveys with students’ studies of needs analysis. Videos should fulfill certain requirements, including use of the desired linguistic material, be thematically intriguing, involve multiple viewings for students to clearly understand the text, and also be brief. As with choosing any educational resources, there is a good video and a bad video for language teaching reasons. For educational purposes, a useful video has to include the appropriate linguistic material. In most scenarios, this criterion refers to language that is current, practical, and accurate in a given situation for language courses aiming to expand communicative performance. The goal of this research is to examine and verify the advantages that audio-visual aids do provide language teachers and students when teaching and learning English. According to the research and the data collected in ESP courses, the results indicate a beneficial impact of video use on students’ motivation and participation.

]]> video formed lesson plans, language teaching, EFL classroom, audio – visual tools, motivation 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/innovative-vocabulary-phrase-teaching-methods-in-efl-and-esp-classes-using-video-based-lesson-plans 1 27-34 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Lumturie Bajrami true Vjosa South East European University Merita Ismaili South East European University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-usefulness-of-google-classroom-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-elearning-in-an-academic-environment 2022 3 The world has seen remarkable technological advancements in recent years, with the technology pervading all aspects of life, including education. Indeed, the function of technology in teaching is rapidly growing. As a result, the educational system needs to utilize technology in the learning process, as it contributes to increased interaction and exchange of information between students and instructors. The SEEU (South East European University) is at a huge advantage regarding the use and employment of technological tools. Currently, the university uses Google Classroom to motivate and develop students’ autonomy using its online services by encouraging participation in different discussions, posting activities and blogs, uploading teaching materials, chatting, etc. The method of this study is quantitative research and a modified questionnaire as the instrument to collect the data. The questionnaire contained 13 items. The data was analyzed by using frequency and means. The result indicated that students feel Google Classroom is useful, and they are satisfied with Google Classroom as an online learning tool. Its advantage is that students can do a paperless assignment submission, and they receive instant notifications regarding their assignments. On the other hand, the disadvantage of using GC has mentioned the lack of interaction, no discussion, and the lack of motivation.

]]> education, e-Learning, Google Classroom, ESP etc 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-usefulness-of-google-classroom-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-elearning-in-an-academic-environment 1 35-45 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/867/46-pdf.pdf Merita Ismaili South East European University true Lumturie Bajrami 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

developing-students-cultural-diversity-awareness-the-effects-of-studying-the-course-multicultural-education-at-university 2022 3 In today’s educational context, universities have the role in enabling the students to develop the competences required for their future profession, but they are also seen as important in terms of preparing the young people to easily adapt and answer to the needs of the society. In these terms, today’s globalized society requires individuals who possess the competences for intercultural communication and who are able to live with and respect people who come from different cultures and have cultural beliefs different from their own. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to examine how studying the course Multicultural Education at university can contribute in developing students’ cultural diversity awareness. It is focused on exploring how much the contents covered in this course can contribute in developing and/or changing students’ attitudes and perspectives regarding cultural diversity and in raising their awareness about the importance of acceptance and tolerance of multiple cultural perspectives. The study was conducted on a sample of university students from different faculties at International Balkan University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, who were taking the course Multicultural Education in the academic 2021/2022 year. The pre- and post- measure method was applied, with the use of the Cultural Diversity Awareness Questionnaire. The questionnaire was applied once at the beginning of the semester, on a sample of 110 students, before they were introduced with the contents of the course, and again at the end of the semester, after studying the contents, on a sample of 88 students. The aim was to see if there are differences in the level of students’ cultural diversity awareness as a result of studying the contents covered in the course Multicultural education, and to examine their opinions about the usefulness of the course contents for their future life. Results have shown that the majority of the students have high or very high level of cultural diversity awareness and that there are improvements in the results of the post-measure, compared with the premeasure, although these results were not statistically significant.

]]> multicultural competence, cultural perspectives, prejudice 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/developing-students-cultural-diversity-awareness-the-effects-of-studying-the-course-multicultural-education-at-university 1 48-61 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Katerina Mitevska-Petrusheva International Balkan University true Fatime Ziberi International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

experiences-of-parents-of-children-with-special-needs-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-period 2022 3 This paper provides a qualitative analysis of the experiences of parents of children with special needs during
the Covid 19 pandemic period. The purpose of this study is to answer the research question regarding the
experiences of the parents of children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative
methods for data collection were used in this study and the main instrument was a semi-structured interview.
The sample in the study consists of 12 parents from the cities of Tetovo, Gostivar and Skopje. Parents of
children with special needs had difficulty with their children managing the situation created during the
COVID-19 pandemic. Many mothers said it was indeed a very difficult time as they felt trapped by a
multitude of problems and factors that negatively affected them and made it impossible for the situation to
be managed properly. One such factor was the restriction or inability to move outside their home and to
develop the activities that for those children had become commonplace and a kind of routine in itself.
Based on the discussions and conversations we had with these parents, despite the difficulties during the
quarantine, the parents eventually got used to that type of condition and began to manage it a little better
than at the beginning of the pandemic.

]]> experiences, emotional experiences, covid 19, quarantine restrictions, parents of children with special needs 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/experiences-of-parents-of-children-with-special-needs-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-period 1 62-70 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Sara Sadiki University of Tetovo true Fatime Ziberi International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-physical-and-psychological-change-of-old-age-in-jun-ichiro-tanizaki-s-novel-the-day-of-a-crazy-old-man 2022 3 The life circle is an on-going progressive and transforming process. Throughout our lives, many transformations take place in our physical activities, mental and psychological priorities. Besides the fact that old age is a natural stage of this process, depending on physiological, psychological transformations and on chronic diseases occurring during this period, physiological decay is apparent. Along with old age, both mental and physical transformations reach at a very high level. While progress is prevailing at old age, it is a physiological phenomenon in which the continuous process of decay and demise prevail at the same time. Old age especially is the most difficult experienced period when compared to earlier periods. The state of experienced old age differs from one nation to another. Physical and psychological transformations contain intense conflict between these two conditions and deprivation of functional situations. Physiological and psychological transformations of old people due to aging affect individual’s daily life, career, state of dependence and communication with his or her close circle. In this novel under much debate, we see the experience of an old man who is raised with Japanese tradition, at the age of eighty. He can be considered as a wealthy man, works hard during his youth and spends the rest of his life with his family. He relates his physical deficiencies and current state with his own words when he lives with his family. Based on Uchiki’s diary, this novel discusses his physical and mental state. Feeling unbearable pain and suffering day by day deteriorating health when he gets old and putting askance at his family and caretakers who serve him to alleviate his pain, the old man’s always trying to seek ways to spend time with daughter in law makes the novel interesting. Especially the psychological mood of the old age and sexual desire towards the daughter in law are extracted from the old man’s words. He writes his passion and emotion with a sorrowful irony in his diary in which he tries to write about his everyday getting old body, declining health and his death. Furthermore, in this novel we observe his yearning to Japanese entertainment, wish for death even while being alive, emotional transformations which he experienced, fatal fears and sexual desire towards his daughter in law. We observe especially that some emotions cannot be related with the age. In this novel we read a diary of an old, sick old man wanting to feel himself young maybe because of his being quite close to death. For this reason, he admits that he is feeling sexual desires and emotional feelings towards the youngest woman, the daughter in law in his circle. We see that his feelings towards his daughter in law, sexuality, prosperity and feeling of death are all together in this novel. By handling the years of old age with naivety and irony, the novel itself is situated on the basis of them both. As a consequence, the author makes the comparison of the period. In this novel the transformation of the Japanese culture throughout the years is depicted in a fluent way. Additionally, the writer conveys both the dissipation of Japanese culture due to the indulgence in western influence and the reflection of the conflict between “the old” and “the new” with quite much dexterity.

]]> Diary, old age cognizance, inclination, sexual desire, money, death 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-physical-and-psychological-change-of-old-age-in-jun-ichiro-tanizaki-s-novel-the-day-of-a-crazy-old-man 1 72-87 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/864/49-pdf.pdf JUN’İCHİRO TANİZAKİ’NİN “ÇILGIN BİR İHTİYARIN GÜNCESİ” ROMANINDA YAŞLILIĞIN FİZİKSEL VE PSİKOLOJİK DEĞİŞİMİ Yaşam döngüsü sürekli gelişim ve değişimle devam eden bir süreçtir. Yaşamımız boyunca, fiziksel
aktivitelerimiz, zihinsel ve psikolojik önceliklerimiz de birçok değişim yaşanır. Yaşlılık, bu sürecin doğal
bir aşaması olup, bu dönemde ortaya çıkan fizyolojik, psikolojik değişimler ve kronik hastalıklara bağlı
olarak ortaya fizyolojik bir gerileme çıkması söz konusudur. Yaşla birlikte, insanlardaki değişiklikler
hem zihinsel hem de fiziksel olarak çok yüksek bir düzeye ulaşır. Yaşlılık fizyolojik bir olgu olup,
gelişim devam ederken aynı zamanda gerileme ve ölümle devam bir süreçtir. Çeşitli nedenlerle genç
yaşta ölüm dışında, ölmeden önceki son aşama, yaşlılığı yaşama zamanıdır. Özellikle yaşlanma süreci
diğer evrelere göre en zor geçirilen dönemdir. Yaşlanmanın geçirildiği evredeki durum toplumdan
topluma değişir. Fiziksel ve psikolojik değişiklikler, bu iki durum arasında duygusal olarak yoğun bir
çatışmayı ve birçok işlev durumlarının eksikliğini içerir. Yaşlılarda yaşa bağlı ortaya çıkan fizyolojik ve
psikolojik değişiklikler bireyin günlük yaşamını, çalışma hayatını, bağımlılık durumunu ve çevresi ile
iletişimini etkilemektedir. Burada tartışılan romanda, Japon geleneğiyle büyümüş, 80 yaşlarında, varlıklı
sayılabilecek, gençliğinde yoğun bir şekilde çalışmış ve geri kalan zamanını ailesi ile birlikte yaşayarak
geçiren yaşlı bir adamın tecrübesini görüyoruz. Ailesiyle birlikte yaşarken oluşan fiziki rahatsızlıklarını
ve mevcut durumunu kendi ifadesi ile anlatıyor. Bu roman, Uchiki'nin günlüğüne dayanarak onun
fiziksel ve zihinsel durumunu ele alıyor. Yaşlandığında dayanılmaz ağrılar hisseden ve sağlığı günden
güne bozulan bu yaşlı adamın acısını dindirmek için kendisine hizmet eden ailesini ve bakıcılarını hiçe
sayarak hep gelinini ile vakit geçirmenin yollarını araması romanı ilginç hale getiriyor. Özellikle
yaşlılığın psikolojisi ve geline duyulan cinsel istek, yaşlı adamın sözlerinden aktarılmıştır. Yaşlı bir
adamın her gün yaşlanan bedeni, ilerleyen hastalığı ve hatta ölümü hakkında yazmaya çalıştığı
günlüğüne, tutkusunu ve duygularını hüzünlü bir ironi ile yazar. Öte yandan, romanda Japon eğlencesine
olan özlemi. Yaşarken ölümü dilediğinde bile, yaşadığı duygusal değişiklikleri, ölümcül korkuları ve
geline karşı hissettiği cinsel arzuyu görürüz. Romanda özellikle bazı duyguların yaş ile alakalı
olamayacağını da görüyoruz. Bu romanda, yaşlı adamın belki de ölüme bunca yakın olduğu için kendini
genç hissetmek isteyen, bu sebeple de en yakınında ki tek genç kadın olan gelinine cinsel ve duygusal
istek duyduğunu düşünen yaşlı ve hasta bir adamın günlüğünü okuyoruz. Romanda Gelinine karşı
duymuş olduğu ilgiyi, cinselliği, zenginliği ve ölüm hissini bir arada görmekteyiz. Roman, yaşlılık
yıllarını saf ve ironi ile ele alarak; romanı bu saç ayakları üzerine oturtulmuştur. Neticede yazar, dönemin
karşılaştırmasını yapmış Japon gelenek ve kültürünün yıllar içerisindeki değişimini akıcı bir şekilde
görürüz. Ayrıca batılılaşma özentisi içerisinde kaybolmasını hem de eskiyeni çatışmasının yansımasını,
okuyucuya ustaca aktarmıştır.

]]> Hasan Şahin International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-tradition-of-the-dowry-chest-in-the-context-of-marriage-in-turkish-culture 2022 3 A cultural mosaic emanates as an inherent consequence of proceeding of time in conjunction with time.
Cultural formations, consisting of various meanings and significance, ensures human beings to
fraternize and forge bonds with their pasts. The history of Turkish Culture incorporates various
traditions, customs and folkways, each serving as a cultural element. Such differentiations emerging as
a consequence of synthesis of the Central Asian Culture with the Anatolian Culture and Islamic Culture,
constitutes an affluence. It has been observed that traditions, customs and folkways, having a
substantial place in the Turkish Culture, have been substantially amended, altered and changed and
even disappeared upon the influence of time and societies. Matrimony customs and traditions have
been coming into prominence throughout the History of the Turkish Culture as formations having
substantial place and influence on human lives and society. Upon reviewing the requirements of
matrimony in historical terms, it is observed that the matrimony is considered and recognized by the
Turkish people as the foundation of family, serving as a cornerstone of the society and bearing a
universal meaning and the tradition of dowry occupies a substantial place and role in the process of the
formation of family. Dowry given to the bride by the bride’s household is accumulated in a chest and
the dowry chest, therefore, bears a substantial and precious meaning in terms of practitioners of this
tradition.
In this study, the concept of family as well as the matrimony and dowry tradition in the History of
Turkish Culture shall be addressed concisely, and the tradition of the dowry chest shall be reviewed in
consideration of the concept of dowry and the representation of chest and therefore, the dowry chest
shall be discussed as a cultural value.

]]> History of Turkish Culture, Matrimony, Dowry, Dowry Chest 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-tradition-of-the-dowry-chest-in-the-context-of-marriage-in-turkish-culture 1 88-102 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/863/50-pdf.pdf TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNDE EVLİLİK BAĞLAMINDA ÇEYİZ SANDIĞI GELENEĞİ Tarih ve zamanın birlikte yol alması sonucu, bir kültür mozaiği oluşur. Birçok anlam ve önemi olan
kültürel oluşumlar, insanların bir araya gelmesini ve geçmişleriyle de bağ kurmalarını sağlar. Türk
Kültür Tarihi de her biri kültür unsuru olan birçok farklı gelenek, görenek, örf ve âdet barındırır. Orta
Asya Kültürü’nün Anadolu Kültürü ve İslam Kültürü ile sentezlenmesi sonucu oluşan bu farklılıklar,
birer zenginlik oluşturur. Türk Kültürü’nde önemli yeri bulunan, geleneklerin, bugün de etkisini
sürdürdüğü zamanla bazı değişiklikler gösterdikleri hatta yok olabildikleri gözlemlenmiştir.
Türk Kültür Tarihi boyunca evlilik gelenekleri de insan yaşamı ve toplum üzerinde büyük öneme sahip
bir oluşum olarak kendini göstermiştir. Türkler tarafından toplumun temel taşı olan ve evrensel mana
taşıyan ailenin temelinin, evlilik olarak kabul edildiği ve aile oluşumu sürecinde, evlilik
gerekliliklerinin tarihsel açıdan incelenmesi sonucu, çeyiz geleneğinin önemli ve geniş bir yer tuttuğu
görülmektedir. Kız evi tarafından geline verilen çeyiz, bir sandıkta biriktirilir ve çeyiz sandığı, bu
geleneğin uygulayıcıları açısından mühim ve değerli bir anlam taşır.
Bu çalışmada da Türk Kültür Tarihi’nde aile kavramı ile evlilik ve çeyiz geleneğine kısaca değinilerek,
çeyiz çatısı ve sandık sembolü altında, çeyiz sandığı geleneği incelenecek olup, çeyiz sandığının,
kültürel değer olarak önemi tartışmaya açılacaktır.

]]> Mine Bilge International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

a-feminist-rereading-of-leyla-in-the-context-of-national-discourse-and-rape 2022 3 Exploring rape as an instrument of genocide, the paper focuses on the Bosnian war of the early 1990’s to
show that repeated gang rapes are part of the official policy of the Serbian leadership. Serbian policy has
been portrayed as being in the service of a demand that is designed to terrorize Bosnian Muslims fleeing
Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to undermine the population's ability to resist, to break the biological
bond by killing men and forcing women to become pregnant - all of which is racial oppression. It was
emphasized that an important purpose of genocidal rape is to inflict constant pain, humiliation and shame
on girls and women. Serbia's genocidal rape policy in Bosnia is intended to have long-term consequences,
in the form of eliminating the possibility of young women getting married and ensuring the rejection of
girls and women who have been raped by their families in a society where rape is a cultural disgrace. In
this study, the attachment of the woman's body to the nationalist discourse in the Bosnia and HerzegovinaSerbian war that started in 1992 and lasted for four years was examined in the context of feminist criticism
and national discourse. The analysis is based on the novel “Leyla”, written by the German journalist,
Alexsandra Cavelius, in which she tells about the rape of the woman-victim of the war, Leyla.

]]> War, Women, Rape, Nationalism, Feminist Criticism 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/a-feminist-rereading-of-leyla-in-the-context-of-national-discourse-and-rape 1 103-115 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ FEMİNİST ELEŞTİRİ BAĞLAMINDA LEYLA İSİMLİ ROMANI MİLLİYETÇİ SÖYLEM VE TECAVÜZLER ÜZERİNDEN YENİDEN OKUMAK Tecavüzü bir soykırım aracı olarak keşfederken, tekrarlanan toplu tecavüz olaylarının Sırp liderliğinin
resmi politikasının bir parçası olduğunu göstermek için 1990'ların başlarındaki Bosna savaşına
odaklanılmıştır. Sırp politikası, nüfusun direnme kabiliyetini baltalamak, erkekleri öldürerek, kadınları
hamile kalmaya zorlayarak biyolojik bağı kırmak için Bosna-Hersek'ten kaçan Bosnalı Müslümanları
terörize etmek için tasarlanmış-hepsi de ırkçı bir baskı olan bir talebin hizmetinde olarak gösterilmiştir.
Soykırım amaçlı tecavüzün önemli bir amacının, kızlara ve kadınlara sürekli acı, aşağılama ve utanç
vermek olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Sırbistan'ın Bosna'daki soykırımcı tecavüz politikasının, genç kadınların
evlenme ihtimalini yok etme ve tecavüzün kültürel bir utanç olduğu bir toplumda aileleri tarafından
tecavüze uğrayan kızların ve kadınların reddedilmesini sağlama şeklinde uzun vadeli sonuçları olması
amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 1992 yılında başlayıp dört yıl sürmüş olan Bosna Hersek-Sırp savaşında
Kadının bedeninin milliyetçi söyleme eklenmesi feminist eleştiri ve milliyetçi söylem bağlamında
incelenmiştir. İnceleme, Alman gazeteci, Alexsandra Cavelius tarafından kaleme alınmış savaşın kadın
mağduru Leyla’nın maruz kaldığı tecavüzleri anlattığı Leyla romanı üzerinden gerçekleşmiştir.

]]> Melek true Şükriye 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-reflection-of-women-in-taslicali-yahya-bey-s-s-h-u-ged-and-y-suf-u-zuleyh 2022 3 The traditional depiction of women as beautiful, attractive human beings and the main driving force in
attaining divine love as seen in the classical literature is also present in Taşlıcalı Yahya Bey’s works. As
Taşlıcalı Yahya Bey is a poet with a military background and Albanian origin who holds a significant place
in divan poetry, we decided to review his viewpoint on women in his works.
Our primary goal was to determine whether the notion of a woman is present in his works. After that, we
focused on researching the number of ways women were addressed in his poems. We touched upon the
place women hold in the poet’s expressions as well as the way the perception of women and opinions stated
about her interact in social, environmental, and psychological fields.
The main type of woman we encounter is a woman in love, who is worthy of everything, cause of
lovesickness, a nymph with enchanting beauty, faithful, modest, graceful, unswayed by wealth, and the one
whose cruelty is worth enduring. However, if the woman shows no interest, her features change instantly.
This time she is depicted as a tattletale, a mocker, someone who makes you cry, someone who is always
angry, lets you down, loses her temper, goes back on her word, a cheater, a brick short of a load, and testing.
This depiction of two opposite types of women is also present in his divan poetry works.
The writer has managed to preserve his direct and open expression throughout his works. Regardless of the
sex, he is always frank and even uses brazen examples when conveying his thoughts and opinions about
both men and women. Taking into consideration his inclination to mysticism, we could deduce that he has
done it in the name of Malamatiyya or to abase himself. As the beauty mentioned in Şehrengiz-i-İstanbul
(City Book of Istanbul) mainly refers to men, we will not dwell on it this time.
In certain parts of his literary work, we also encounter women who are considered to be just ornamental
elements, but this type of portrayal only refers to marginal types of women. Although Taşlıcalı Yahya Bey’s
works usually address either the positive or the negative features of women, occasionally both features are
contained in the same work. He appears to be a poet with a realistic point of view when describing,
criticizing, or praising situations and manners. However, in some parts of his works, this realism turns into
an exaggeration depicting manners using humiliating expressions.
Through transformation and patience, the poet enables the transition from earthly to divine love by bringing
together the imagination born from both his realism and mysticism. According to him, love is one and has
no earthly side. He states that love expressed by Mecnun and Vamik is odd and only divine love is true and
leads to ecstasy.

]]> Taşlıcalı Yahya, woman, praise, criticism, love 2022-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-reflection-of-women-in-taslicali-yahya-bey-s-s-h-u-ged-and-y-suf-u-zuleyh 1 116-126 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ TAŞLICALI YAHYA`NIN KİTÂB-I USÛL, ŞÂH U GEDÂ VE YÛSUF U ZÜLEYHÂ ESERLERİNDE KADIN ALGISI Klasik edebiyatta kadına bakışaçısını görmeye alıştığımız bir şekilde güzel, çekici ve ilahi aşka ulaşmak
için bir sebep olarak görülen kadın unsuru Taşlıcalı Yahya eserlerinde de, aynı şekilde, yer bulur.
Taşlıcalı Yahya, Divan edebiyatı şairlerinden önemli bir yere sahip olan, askeri unvanı ve Arnavut asıllı
olmasıyla, bir de hamsesi ile meşhur olan bir şair olarak, eserlerindeki kadına dair düşüncelerini ele aldık.
Öncelikle eserlerde kadın olgusunun var olup, olmadığını tespit ettik, devamında kadınların kaç türde
zikredildiğine dair araştırma yaptık. Bu zikredilişlerde kadının yeri, ona dair düşünce ve algının sosyal,
çevresel, psikolojik etkileşimine değindik.
Genelde kadın aşık olunduğunda uğruna her şey verilen, aşkından ızdırap çekilen, peri, güzelliğiyle
dillere destan, vefalı, alçakgönüllü, zarif, zengine meyletmeyen, cefasına bile hamdedilen kadın tipine
rastlarız. Fakat kadın eğer aşığa karşı ilgisizse vasıfları hemen değişime uğrar. Kadın bu sefer: ağzında
bakla ıslanmayan, gülünç duruma düşüren, gözyaşı döktüren, kaş çatan, yolda bırakan, öfkeye kapılan,
sözünde durmayan, hilekar, aklı noksan, imtihan eden sıfatlarına bürünür. Aynı değerlendirmeyi
divanında da, hem iyi huylu hem de ters tarafıyla iki yönlü bir kadın tipine rastlarız. Şairlerin şahsi
düşünceleri ve tecrübelerine göre kadınlar menfaatçi veya iyi huylu olarak ayrılabilir. Sosyal açıdan
bakıldığında, bazen onlarla evlenmeyi teşvik eden şairler, bazen de evlenmek gerekmiyor algısını,
kadınlarla yaşadıkları tecrübelerden yola çıkarak izah ederler. Taşlıcalı Yahya ise, illaki evlenilmeli
düşüncesinde olanlardandır. Şair açıksözlülüğünü her eserinde korumuştur. Kadın veya erkek fark
etmeksizin sözünü esirgememiş, düşüncelerini açıkça bazen de hayasız örneklerle belirtmiştir.
Kendisinin tasavvufa olan merakını düşünürsek bunu melamilik adına, nefsini alçaltmak için yaptığı
kanaatine de varılabilir. Şehrengiz-i İstanbul’da övülen güzeller erkek olduğundan bu seferlik üzerinde
durmadık.
Kadınların bazı yerlerde sadece dekoratif unsur olarak kullanıldığına da rastlanır, fakat bu sadece bazı
yerlerde etkisiz kadın tipinde rastlanır. Eserler arası hatta aynı eser içerisinde bile kadın, hem iyi hem
de kötü vasıflarıyla zikredilmiştir. Hal tavırları anlatılmış, şikayet edilmiştir veya övülmüştür
diyebileceğimiz bir şekilde o dönemin düşünceleri ve görüşü olan bir şair olduğu anlaşılır. Şahsi görüşü
ve tasavvufun getirdiği hayalciliği bir araya getiren şair, gücünü dünyevi olan aşkı da tadıp, sonrasında
dönüşüme uğrayan ve sabretmekten sonra gelen ilahi aşka geçişle mümkün kılmıştır. Şaire göre aşk
birdir, bunun dünyevi olan tarafı yoktur. Mecnun, Vamık gibilerin aşkını yadırgar, gerçek ve vecde
getirenin İlahi aşk olduğunu söyler.

]]> Semra true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com