1 1 2020 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/issue/volume-1-issue-1 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

needs-analysis-defining-aims-and-objectives-with-regard-on-students-feedback 2020 1 In contemporary teaching, planning should be more student-centered. Prior to designing syllabuses (especially in institutions where the teacher is free to make decisions independently), students' needs should be taken into account. What is needs analysis? Needs analysis is a process of collecting and analyzing information about learners in order to set goals and contents of a language curriculum based on their needs (Kayi, 2008). It examines what learners already know and what they need to know (Nation & Macalister, 2010). Many scholars indicate that knowing about learners' needs such as "their learning objectives, language attitudes, expectations from the course" are necessary in order to design an efficient curriculum (Brindley, 1984; Nunn, 1988, Xenodohids, 2002, et Kayi, 2008). Asking learners for suggestions and advice stimulates the act of learning and students' overall performance. The paper will, therefore, introduce needs analysis in a case study conducted at IBU with students of the ELT department. It will provide general hypothesis, research questions and applied questionnaire, overall conclusions, feedback and further implications.

]]> need analysis, aims and objectives, checklist items, decisions 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/needs-analysis-defining-aims-and-objectives-with-regard-on-students-feedback 1 2-8 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/912/1-pdf.pdf Igballe Miftari-Fetishi International Balkan University true Nihat Mahmut Maarif International School 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

acquisition-of-interrogative-forms-from-a1-to-b2-level-by-macedonian-learners-of-english 2020 1 This article aims to provide an overview of the verb forms EFL learners use in the process
of acquisition of interrogative forms. It also explores learners’ L1 (Macedonian) influence on L2
acquisition. The research is based on data taken from the Macedonian Corpus of English
Interlanguage, which contains written language of students aged 8-15, A1-B2 level. As the research
shows, learners have no difficulties in acquiring interrogative forms. Nevertheless, the number of
errors remains stable across all levels. In addition, there is minimal influence of L1. L1 transfer related errors could also be treated as developmental errors, since they also appear in learners with L1 other than Macedonian. The existence of developmental errors proves that language learners
have their own interlanguage. Such errors help teachers adjust their expectations and teaching methods.

]]> acquisition, interrogative form, corpus, interlanguage 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/acquisition-of-interrogative-forms-from-a1-to-b2-level-by-macedonian-learners-of-english 1 9-19 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/911/2-pdf.pdf Marija Stevkovska International Balkan University true Biljana Orovcanec-Nineska International Balkan University Brankica Ivanova International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

corpus-based-approach-to-vocabulary-teaching-and-learning 2020 1 University EFL learners are typically required to learn a vast amount of vocabulary in a
short period of time in order to cope with challenging English tasks, such as comprehending
academic texts or writing assignments. One effective strategy that can be used to boost learners’
vocabulary is the word form strategy (Cook, 2016). However, a valid question that arises is: how
should word forms be taught? One traditional and widely applicable method is the deductive
approach, which typically implements the PPP (Presentation-Practice-Production) strategy. The
invention of corpora and their applicability in language education, however, have paved the way
for a new approach to language learning. The corpus-based approach, which is seen as an inductive
approach and that normally adopts the III (Illustration – Interaction - Induction) strategy, could be
used as an alternative approach to teaching word forms. In this paper, the author discusses some
reasons why vocabulary expansion through corpora deserves consideration in language pedagogy.

]]> Vocabulary learning, Word forms, Data-driven learning, Corpora, Learner autonomy 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/corpus-based-approach-to-vocabulary-teaching-and-learning 1 20-25 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/910/3-pdf.pdf Emin Idrizi International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

level-of-agreement-between-teacher-assessment-and-selfassessment-of-oral-presentation-skills 2020 1 The focus of this research is agreement between self- and teacher assessment through oral
presentations and it confirms the expected results already familiar in the literature i.e. students, in
general, assess themselves higher than teachers. Assessment rubric of 15 questions with a fivepoint Likert scale was used for both self- and teacher assessment was used. For the analysis,
standard statistical techniques in MS Excel were used. The study shows that although the
relationship between teacher assessment and self-assessment is weak, it is still statistically relevant
and it shows significant difference, but when comparing teacher assessment results with selfassessment results for each teacher separately, some unexpected outcomes emerge. Out of five,
only one teacher’s results confirm the well-known assumption – students assess themselves higher
than teachers. However, all the others seem to be influenced by some factors and limitations that
impose different results than the overall one.

]]> assessment, self-assessment, teacher assessment, oral presentation, agreement 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/level-of-agreement-between-teacher-assessment-and-selfassessment-of-oral-presentation-skills 1 26-33 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/909/4-pdf.pdf Biljana Orovcanec-Nineska International Balkan University true Marija Stevkovska International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

humor-and-grotesque-in-flannery-o-connor-s-a-good-man-is-hard-to-find 2020 1 Flannery O’Connor is known to be one of the most notable fiction writers considered to be the strongest apologist of Roman Catholicism in the twentieth century. Being born and raised in the American South, reasonably enough, her works reflected the regional settings. Her fictional style is mainly representative of the Southern Gothic, populated with grotesque characters, depicting the moody and disturbing life in the American South. With the publication of her first short-story collection “A Good Man is hard to Find” (1955) established O’Connor’s Christian character and darkly comic intent much clearer. Being one of the most famous examples of American Gothic fiction, the story embodies O'Connor's elements of fiction which have been termed as Christian tragicomedy: tragic because of its elements of the grotesque, often violent, events and characters in the stories, and comic because of the author's ability for achieving humor in the midst of this violence. Thus, this paper will look at the ways how the short story moves from satiric family comedy to brutal revelation as a grandmother leads her frustrated family on a vain attempt to find her old house in rural Georgia. While looking for the site of her girlhood property, she accidentally brings her whole family to their deaths at the hands of a tortured killer, The Misfit. He displays an odd regard for the grandmother, who forgives him right before she dies.

]]> southern gothic, humor, grotesque, evangelicalism 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/humor-and-grotesque-in-flannery-o-connor-s-a-good-man-is-hard-to-find 1 35-39 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/908/5-pdf.pdf Sezen Ismail International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-poetics-of-immanence-and-experience-the-case-of-robert-lowell 2020 1 The paper demonstrates the inception of a poetic model I define as the poetics of immanence and
experience in Lowell’s poetry written during the late 1950s, which I argue marked American
poetry’s shift away from Modernism and its prevalent metaphoric and symbolic patterns. An
analysis of a poem by W.B. Yeats (“The Second Coming”) and one of Lowell’s “life studies”
(“Commander Lowell”), make the contrast between these two poetic models visible. I further
define the concept of immanence as a structure-generating principle which presupposes the
presence of a human consciousness as an individuated and immanent “I” in the poem, pointing at
two essential forms of immanence in Lowell’s poetry: (i) the immanence of a lived experience,
which occurs when the poet presents the full structure of an experience with precise and concrete
details through the voice in the poem and (ii) the narrator’s immanence, which occurs when the
narrator narrates himself through the selections of material and becomes the agent of the
experience. Thus, the concept of immanence, this paper argues, materializes and produces an
artistic effect, a simulacrum of a lived experience and a concrete, personalized immanent narrator.

]]> Robert Lowell, Life Studies, immanence, experience 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-poetics-of-immanence-and-experience-the-case-of-robert-lowell 1 40-46 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/907/6-pdf.pdf Lidija Davidovska International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

midrash-in-the-novel-the-red-tent-by-anita-diamant 2020 1 The novel The Red Tent, 1997, by Anita Diamant, an American writer with a Jewish origin, explores
and presents the life of Dinah in the Bible from a woman’s perspective. In the Bible, Dinah is totally
silenced and Diamant in her novel presents her with a voice, in order her story to be heard. The Red
Tent presents the rich experience of women and their lives, which when revealed and shown,
present and establish the meaning of women in biblical times and encourage within it, recognition
and confirmation of the women’s experience and importance. The novel The Red Tent is part of the
Midrash phenomenon, which is part of the women’s re-writing and it is a method for interpretation
of biblical narratives, which promotes creative writing. Midrash is commonly defined as the process
of interpretation by which ”gaps” found in the Torah are filled in. The Midrash is divided into two
categories: traditional and modern. The traditional is divided in two categories: Halakhan and
Aggadah and The Red Tent belongs in the category of modern Midrash.

]]> Midrash, Women’s re-writing, Halakhan, Aggadah 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/midrash-in-the-novel-the-red-tent-by-anita-diamant 1 47-52 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/906/7-pdf.pdf Marijana Klemenchich International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

monitoring-and-evaluating-the-educational-role-of-the-teacher-in-developing-student-s-personality 2020 1 This paper aims to explore the topic of teacher’s work from the perspective of his/her educational
role, with emphasis on the aspect of monitoring and evaluation. The meaning of this role is
consisted of the educational impact that the teacher as an educator has in the process of developing
student’s personality, i.e. developing positive personal characteristics, value system, building the
will and the character, developing positive habits and student’s overall worldview. For the aims of
this paper, a qualitative study was conducted. The sample consisted of school principals and
pedagogues in high schools in North Macedonia. The main aim of the study was to examine their
attitudes regarding teacher’s educational role from the aspect of developing student’s personality
and building student’s character, related to the issues of monitoring and evaluation of this process.
Main findings show that, in general, participants have positive attitudes and evaluate teacher’s
educational work as satisfactory, but still, there are some differences regarding the level of
engagement and participation in activities in this domain, i.e. while some of the teachers are
enthusiastic and devoted to this role, others are more passive and take action only when there is a
necessity, and in that way omit and forget the importance of educational work in the overall process
of education

]]> evaluation, personal development, educational work 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/monitoring-and-evaluating-the-educational-role-of-the-teacher-in-developing-student-s-personality 1 54-63 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/905/8-pdf.pdf Katerina Mitevska-Petrusheva International Balkan University true Biljana Popeska University Goce Delcev 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

between-theory-and-practice-the-importance-and-function-of-school-counseling 2020 1 Over time the term counseling has been used and studied from different approaches and defined in different ways according to the researches and the field of study. As a huge concept, it covers three main areas: personal, educational, and vocational area; therefore, we have different definitions of counseling. At the educational level, there has been confusion about the role and importance of school counseling for a long time, where for some researches it was defined and studied as part of school Guidance program and addressed to other school staff, minimizing the role of a counselor. On the other hand, other approaches tend to use and understand school counseling as synonymous with Guidance meanwhile others view it as a profession that is part of psychological and psychotherapeutic nature. Nowadays, counseling as a profession is more emphasized and school counseling takes its place at all educational levels. Today school counseling is a need and necessary in every level of education taking into consideration the role and importance that has on the educational process and school program overall.

]]> Counseling, School Counseling, School Counselor, Role of School Counselor 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/between-theory-and-practice-the-importance-and-function-of-school-counseling 1 64-70 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Fatime Ziberi International Balkan University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

linguistic-and-psychological-issues-among-university-bilingual 2020 1 Today almost all people and students can speak more than one language. In addition to the mother
language, we can see that many children learn foreign languages even from childhood. From a
linguistic perspective, there are differences between spoken and written language and some of the
emphasis problems students encounter while studying in a foreign language. The person differs
when speaking a foreign language, but there is a lot of difference between speaking a foreign
language and studying in a foreign language. Speaking a foreign language can cause stress and
social anxiety for students to express themselves in exams or presentations. It finds it difficult to
express and to understand academic literature and style, which causes insecurity and affects their
academic performance. In order to see how our students at the International Balkan University
(IBU-SKOPJE) deal with language difficulties, we have provided an online survey that shows that
our students are not facing significant psychological difficulties and linguistic barriers and
difficulties as well.

]]> Language, Bilingualism, Linguistic issues, Psychological Issues 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/linguistic-and-psychological-issues-among-university-bilingual 1 71-77 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/903/10-pdf.pdf Fatime Ziberi International Balkan University true Canan Murteza-Haykır International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

the-morality-and-language-development-of-individual-life-span-development 2020 1 Lifespan development while exploring the process from the birth up to the old age, deals extensively with
changes in the cognitive, social, psychological, and behavioural aspects of the individual. Lifespan
development also examines the changes that occur depending on age. When human development is viewed
as a whole, it passes through many phases, from childhood to maturity and aging, and during each period
significant and visible changes occur. If we consider moral development as an approach that is parallel to
the individual’s cognitive development, moral development plays a significant role in life-span
development. Morality concerns an individual’s growing sense of what is right and wrong, in order to obtain
a certain place in society and to adapt the society and its rules. The purpose of this study is to examine the
individual developmental stages as well as to emphasize the importance of moral development in terms of
adaptation to the environment in which individuals live. All ll thinkers who strive to make people live more
comfortable have a remarkable biography in terms of the life they live. The life stories of these thinkers are
crucial for understanding how their views are put forward. For this reason, Noam Chomsky and his psycholinguistic language development theory were put forward using qualitative research method and document
analysis. Language is a very important element that all living things use for communication. Unlike other
entities, the language people use has a complex system. Various theories have been introduced for the
formation and development of the language from past to present, and the programs created as a result of
these theories have been provided to educate children in terms of language development. In a world of
constant technological development, education is to be thanked for individuals being able to comfortably
communicate with each other. In order to provide a better living, communities are required to compare their
educational system with the one in other countries and to continuously improve. Each country must develop
its educational system so that it complies with the contemporary development of the community. For such
a development, it has to analyze the education policy and develop an approach towards education. The
contemporary world trends in education as a response to major socio-economic changes and the fast
technical and technological development have imposed the need for appropriate structural, programmatic
and methodical developmental changes. The aim of introducing such developmental changes is to establish
a process of continuous improvement in the work and to secure higher quality in education at the same
time. Аlso, in this research we are going to use all the contemporary techniques and methods in order to
achieve more adequate results that are going to be of great importance for the teachers and society.

]]> Lifespan development, morality, language development, language 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/the-morality-and-language-development-of-individual-life-span-development 1 79-88 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/902/11-pdf.pdf BİREYİN YAŞAM BOYU GELİŞİMİNDE AHLAKİ VE DİL GELİŞİMİ Yaşam boyu gelişim, bireyin doğumundan yaşlılığa kadar ki süreci incelemekle birlikte bireyde bilişsel
sosyal psikolojik ve davranışsal açıdan meydana gelen değişimleri kapsamlı bir biçimde ele almaktadır.
Yaşam boyu gelişim, bireyde yaşa bağlı olarak meydana gelen değişiklikleri inceler de diyebiliriz. İnsan
gelişimi bir bütün olarak incelendiğinde çocukluktan başlayarak, olgunlaşma donemi ve yaşlılığa kadar
birçok dönemden geçer ve her gelişim döneminde önemli ve gözle görülür değişiklikler meydana gelir.
Ahlak gelişimi, bireyin bilişsel gelişimi ile paralellik gösteren bir yaklaşım olarak kabul edersek yaşam
boyu gelişimde Ahlak gelişimi önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ahlak gelişimi bireyin, toplumun değer
yargılarını benimseyerek yaşadığı çevreye uyum sağlaması doğru veya yanlışı ayırt edebilmesi ve toplum
içinde belli bir yer edinebilmesi için benimsediği davranış biçimleri ve kurallardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
bireyin gelişim evrelerini incelerken, ahlaki ve dil gelişiminin de bireyin yaşadığı çevreye uyum sağlaması
açısından ne kadar önemli bir rol oynadığını vurgulamaktır. İnsanların daha rahat yaşam sürebilmeleri için
çaba sarf eden tüm düşünürler, yaşamış oldukları hayat bakımından da oldukça dikkat çekici bir biyografiye
sahiptirler. Bu düşünürlerin yaşam hikâyeleri onların görüşlerinin ne şekilde ortaya konulduğunun
anlaşılması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple çalışmada Noam Chomsky ve onun psikolinguistik dil gelişim kuramı nitel araştırma yöntemiyle doküman analizi kullanılarak ortaya konulmuştur.
Dil, bütün canlı varlıkların iletişim için kullandıkları çok önemli bir unsurdur. Diğer varlıklardan farklı
olarak insanların kullandıkları dil, karmaşık bir sisteme sahiptir. Geçmişten günümüze kadar dilin oluşumu
ve gelişimine yönelik olarak çok çeşitli kuramlar ortaya konulmuş ve bu kuramlar neticesinde oluşturulan
programlarla çocukların dil gelişimi açısından eğitilmesi sağlanmıştır.

]]> Osman Emin Ss. Cyril and Methodius University true 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com

transformation-of-culture-and-identity-in-necati-cumali-s-last-beg-on-the-balkans-and-macedonia-19002 2020 1 Turkish literature during the Republican Period covers a long interval starting from 1923 until
today. After the declaration of the Republic, Turkey continued its development successfully in line
with the contemporary ethos. The same spirit found roots within the literature as well. Historical
conditions in novels and narratives of this period are not limited to creating a new existence
situation for a hero of a literary work only. In fact, they are perceived and analyzed as a state of
existence in history. For the first time in the era of Turkish Literature during the Republican Period
the heroism of the people who were mentioned, encountered or told to be mentioned as folk
literature and popular culture as the main source has been praised and portrayed as stories and
cultural values have been shown as a source. The new identity formation of this period actually
represents a return movement. The creation of literary works from the national values of literature,
together with the construction of identity obtains the transformation of more existing identities into
national identities without creating new and other identities. This is evident in the works of Necati
Cumali that reflect the basic characteristics of this particular period. Necati Cumali's family settled
in Turkey in 1923 with forced immigration under the Turkey-Greece Emigration. In this context,
he has developed in his mind the features and possibilities of the previous times, which have been
engraved into the author's memory, and the fiction of his works in the roots of the Balkans,
especially in the villages and mountains of Macedonia. In our work, we focused on the
transformation of culture and identity in two works of Cumali, which emerge in many different
moments, along with the memories of time travel and memories. People generate culture in a
specific time, place and under specific conditions according to their requirements. The development
of the concept of “other” was a natural result of the Turkish community’s quest for identity. Necati
Cumali like many other authors from the republican period with topics typical for him and his style
of writing occupied an important place. He displayed the transformation of his characters’ identities
in the novel from landlord to resistance fighter and at the same time wrapping his spouse and
childhood love in lover’s entity demonstrated their identity transformation. Cumali’s works carry
the traces of the society he lived in and was nourished by and that is why he aims to rebuild his
disappearing identity. In order to preserve and improve the existing, he took into consideration the
sensibility as well as the requirements of the period described in his works and in order to create a
national identity, his works reflected the building blocks of national culture.

]]> Necati Cumali, identity, culture, transformation, novel, narrative 2020-06-09 https://ijep.ibupress.com/articles/transformation-of-culture-and-identity-in-necati-cumali-s-last-beg-on-the-balkans-and-macedonia-19002 1 89-95 tr CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://ijep.ibupress.com/file/901/12-pdf.pdf NECATİ CUMALI’NIN VİRAN DAĞLAR ROMANI VE MAKEDONYA 1900 ÖYKÜ KİTAPLARI BAĞLAMINDA KÜLTÜR VE KİMLİK DÖNÜŞÜMÜ1 Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Edebiyatı 1923’ten başlayarak günümüze kadar süren uzun bir süreci
kapsamktadır. Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra çağdaş anlayışlar doğrultusunda gelişimini başarıyla
sürdürmüştür. Bu dönem roman ve hikâyelerinde tarihsel koşullar bir edebi yapıtın kahramanı için
yeni bir varoluş durumu yaratmakla kalmaz, tarihte kendi içinde bir varoluş durumu olarak
algılanıp irdelenir. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Edebiyatı devrinde ilk defa temel kaynak olarak halk
edebiyatına ve halk kültürüne değinilmiş, karşılaşılan ya da anlatılmaya değer görülen insanların
kahramanlıkları övülüp tasvir edilerek, hikâye edilip kültürel değerler kaynak olarak gösterilmiştir.
Bu dönemin yeni kimlik oluşumu aslında bir öze dönüş hareketidir.
Edebiyatın kendi milli değerlerinden hareketle oluşturulması bir kimlik inşası olmakla beraber, bu
yeni ve başka bir kimlik oluşturmadan daha çok var olan kimliğin milli kimliğe dönüştürlmesidir.
Dönemin temel özelliklerini yansıtan Necati Cumalı’nın eserlerinde de bu durum açıkça
görülmektedir. Necati Cumalı’nın ailesi 1923 yılında Türkiye–Yunanistan Mübadelesi kapsamında
zorunlu bir göçle Türkiye’ye yerleşmiştir. Bu bağlamda yazar kurguyu, belleğine kazınan önceki
zamanlara ait özellikleri veya olasılıkları zihninde tamamlayıp, kökleri olan Balkanlar, özellikle de
Makedonya köyleri ve dağlarında içerisinde geliştirmiştir. Çalışmamızda Cumalı’nın iki eserinde,
birçok farklı andan oluşan, bellekteki zaman yolculuğu ve hatıralarla birlikte ortaya çıkan incelikli
bir kültür ve kimlik dönüşümü üzerinde durulacaktır.

]]> Selçuk Kürşad KOCA University of Qatar University of Sakarya true Seyhan Murtezan Ibrahimi International Balkan University 2671-3535 2671-3543 Balkan University Press https://ijep.ibupress.com